从零搭建React组件发布脚手架：Webpack配置与npm发布全流程

mkdir react-simple-component-boilerplate
cd react-simple-component-boilerplate

npm init

react-simple-component-boilerplate
 |-- config // webpack配置
 |-- demo // 开发时预览用
 |-- dist // 打包结果
 |-- src  // 源文件目录
  | -- assets // 存放图片等媒体文件
  | -- style // 存放样式，项目使用的是less来编写样式

npm install react react-dom --save

 "devDependencies": {
 // babel用于将你写的es6+的代码转换到es5
 "@babel/cli": "^7.0.0",
 "@babel/core": "^7.0.0",
 "@babel/plugin-proposal-class-properties": "^7.0.0", // 用于支持class属性
 "@babel/plugin-proposal-decorators": "^7.0.0", // 支持decorator
 "@babel/plugin-transform-modules-commonjs": "^7.0.0",
 "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime": "^7.0.0", // 自动polyfill es5不支持的api特性
 "@babel/preset-env": "^7.0.0", // 根据目标环境来按需转码
 "@babel/preset-react": "^7.0.0", // 让babel支持react语法
 "babel-loader": "^8.0.0",
 "css-loader": "^1.0.0",
 "file-loader": "^2.0.0",
 "html-loader": "^0.4.4",
 "less-loader": "^4.1.0", // 使用less来编写样式
 "mini-css-extract-plugin": "^0.5.0", // 将css提取成一个单独的文件
 "style-loader": "^0.23.0",
 "webpack": "^4.26.0",
 "webpack-cli": "^3.1.2", // webpack4之后需要额外安装webpack-cli
 "webpack-dev-server": "^3.1.14", // 开发时预览组件所用的服务，在文件变化时会自动刷新页面
 "webpack-merge": "^4.1.4" // 用于合并webpack配置
 },

/* src/index.js */

import React from 'react';
import './style/style.less'; // 使用less的情况
import testPng from './assets/test.png'; // 使用图片的情况

export default class MyComponent extends Component {
 render(){
  return (<div>A new Component</div>)
 }
}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root"></div>
<script src="demo.bundle.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

import React from 'react';
import ReactDom from 'react-dom';
import MyComponent from '../src/index'

const Demo = () => {
 return <div>
 <h1>组件预览：</h1>
 <MyComponent />
 </div>
}

ReactDom.render(<Demo />, document.getElementById('root'));

module.exports = {
 module: {
 rules: [
  { // 在webpack中使用babel需要babel-loader
  test: /\.js?$/,
  loader: 'babel-loader',
  exclude: '/node_modules/',
  },
  { // 用于加载组件或者css中使用的图片
  test: /\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|cur|ico|svg)$/,
  use: [{
   loader: 'file-loader', options: {
   name: "images/[name][hash:8].[ext]"
   }
  }]
  }
 ]
 }
}

const path = require('path');
const merge = require('webpack-merge');
const baseConfig = require('./webpack.base.js'); // 引用公共的配置

const devConfig = {
 entry: './demo/demo.js', // 入口文件
 mode: 'development', // 打包为开发模式
 output: {
 filename: 'demo.bundle.js', // 输出的文件名称
 path: path.resolve(__dirname, '../demo') // 输出的文件目录
 },
 devServer: { // 该字段用于配置webpack-dev-server
 contentBase: path.join(__dirname, '../demo'),
 compress: true,
 port: 9000, // 端口9000
 open: true // 自动打开浏览器
 },
 module: {
 rules: [
  { // 编译less
  test: /\.less$/,
  exclude: '/node_modules/',
  use: [{
   loader: 'style-loader'
  }, {
   loader: 'css-loader'
  }, {
   loader: 'less-loader'
  }]
  },
 ]
 },
}

module.exports = merge(devConfig, baseConfig); // 将baseConfig和devConfig合并为一个配置

const path = require('path');
const merge = require('webpack-merge');
const baseConfig = require('./webpack.base.js');
const MiniCssExtractPlugin = require("mini-css-extract-plugin"); // 用于将组件的css打包成单独的文件输出到`dist`目录中

const devConfig = {
 entry: './src/index.js',
 mode: 'production',
 output: {
 path: path.resolve(__dirname, '../dist'),
 filename: 'index.js', // 输出文件
 libraryTarget: 'umd', // 采用通用模块定义, 注意webpack到4.0为止依然不提供输出es module的方法，所以输出的结果必须使用npm安装到node_modules里再用，不然会报错
 library: 'react-simple-component-boilerplate', // 库名称
 libraryExport: 'default', // 兼容 ES6(ES2015) 的模块系统、CommonJS 和 AMD 模块规范
 },
 externals: {
 react: {
  root: "React",
  commonjs2: "react",
  commonjs: "react",
  amd: "react"
 },
 "react-dom": {
  root: "ReactDOM",
  commonjs2: "react-dom",
  commonjs: "react-dom",
  amd: "react-dom"
 }
 },
 module: {
 rules: [{
  test: /\.(le|c)ss$/,
  use: [
  MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader,
  "css-loader",
  {
   loader: "less-loader",
   options: {
   sourceMap: false
   }
  }
  ]
 }
 ]
 },
 plugins: [
 new MiniCssExtractPlugin({
  filename: "main.min.css" // 提取后的css的文件名
 })
 ],
}

module.exports = merge(devConfig, baseConfig);

{
 "presets": [
 [
  "@babel/preset-env",
  {
  "targets": "> 0.25%, not dead"
  }
 ],
 "@babel/preset-react"
 ],
 "plugins": [
 "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime",
 "@babel/plugin-transform-modules-commonjs",
 [
  "@babel/plugin-proposal-decorators",
  {
  "legacy": true
  }
 ],
 "@babel/plugin-proposal-class-properties",
 "@babel/plugin-proposal-object-rest-spread"
 ]
}

 "scripts": {
 "build": "set NODE_ENV=production && webpack --config ./config/webpack.config.prod.js",
 "pub": "npm run build && npm publish",
 "dev": "webpack-dev-server --config ./config/webpack.config.dev.js"
 },
 "main": "dist/index.js",
 "files": ["dist"]

npm adduser

npm i your-component // 假设你的包名字叫your-component

import YourComponent from 'your-component';
import 'your-component/dist/main.min.css'; // 如果给组件写了样式，需要手动导入css文件