JavaScript 实现跨浏览器剪贴板复制的几种方案与 ZeroClipboard 详解

IE 浏览器下的简单复制实现

<script type="text/javascript">
function copy(){
window.clipboardData.setData("text",document.getElementById("name").value);
alert("The text is on the clipboard, try to paste it!");
}
</script> 

跨浏览器复制的局限性

<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function CopyToClipboard () {
var input = document.getElementById ("toClipboard");
var textToClipboard = input.value;
var success = true;
if (window.clipboardData) { // Internet Explorer
window.clipboardData.setData ("Text", textToClipboard);
}
else {
// create a temporary element for the execCommand method
var forExecElement = CreateElementForExecCommand (textToClipboard);
/* Select the contents of the element 
(the execCommand for 'copy' method works on the selection) */
SelectContent (forExecElement);
var supported = true;
// UniversalXPConnect privilege is required for clipboard access in Firefox
try {
if (window.netscape && netscape.security) {
netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege ("UniversalXPConnect");
}
// Copy the selected content to the clipboard
// Works in Firefox and in Safari before version 5
success = document.execCommand ("copy", false, null);
}
catch (e) {
success = false;
}
// remove the temporary element
document.body.removeChild (forExecElement);
}
if (success) {
alert ("The text is on the clipboard, try to paste it!");
}
else {
alert ("Your browser doesn't allow clipboard access!");
}
}
function CreateElementForExecCommand (textToClipboard) {
var forExecElement = document.createElement ("div");
// place outside the visible area
forExecElement.style.position = "absolute";
forExecElement.style.left = "-10000px";
forExecElement.style.top = "-10000px";
// write the necessary text into the element and append to the document
forExecElement.textContent = textToClipboard;
document.body.appendChild (forExecElement);
// the contentEditable mode is necessary for the execCommand method in Firefox
forExecElement.contentEditable = true;
return forExecElement;
}
function SelectContent (element) {
// first create a range
var rangeToSelect = document.createRange ();
rangeToSelect.selectNodeContents (element);
// select the contents
var selection = window.getSelection ();
selection.removeAllRanges ();
selection.addRange (rangeToSelect);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input id="toClipboard" value="text to clipboard"/>
<button onclick='CopyToClipboard ()'>Copy text to clipboard</button>
</body>

ZeroClipboard 原理与配置

var ZeroClipboard = {
version: "1.0.7",
clients: {},
moviePath: "zeroclipboard.swf",
nextId: 1,
$: function(A) {
if (typeof(A) == "string") {
A = document.getElementById(A)
}
if (!A.addClass) {
A.hide = function() {
this.style.display = "none"
};
A.show = function() {
this.style.display = ""
};
A.addClass = function(B) {
this.removeClass(B);
this.className += " " + B
};
A.removeClass = function(D) {
var E = this.className.split(/\s+/);
var B = -1;
for (var C = 0; C < E.length; C++) {
if (E[C] == D) {
B = C;
C = E.length
}
}
if (B > -1) {
E.splice(B, 1);
this.className = E.join(" ")
}
return this
};
A.hasClass = function(B) {
return !!this.className.match(new RegExp("\\s*" + B + "\\s*"))
}
}
return A
},
setMoviePath: function(A) {
this.moviePath = A
},
dispatch: function(D, B, C) {
var A = this.clients[D];
if (A) {
A.receiveEvent(B, C)
}
},
register: function(B, A) {
this.clients[B] = A
},
getDOMObjectPosition: function(C, A) {
var B = {
left: 0,
top: 0,
width: C.width ? C.width : C.offsetWidth,
height: C.height ? C.height : C.offsetHeight
};
while (C && (C != A)) {
B.left += C.offsetLeft;
B.top += C.offsetTop;
C = C.offsetParent
}
return B
},
Client: function(A) {
this.handlers = {};
this.id = ZeroClipboard.nextId++;
this.movieId = "ZeroClipboardMovie_" + this.id;
ZeroClipboard.register(this.id, this);
if (A) {
this.glue(A)
}
}
};
ZeroClipboard.Client.prototype = {
id: 0,
ready: false,
movie: null,
clipText: "",
handCursorEnabled: true,
cssEffects: true,
handlers: null,
//我们可以通过下面这个api，将flash和按钮重叠，且浮在按钮之上
glue: function(D, B, E) {
this.domElement = ZeroClipboard.$(D);
var F = 99;
if (this.domElement.style.zIndex) {
F = parseInt(this.domElement.style.zIndex, 10) + 1
}
if (typeof(B) == "string") {
B = ZeroClipboard.$(B)
} else {
if (typeof(B) == "undefined") {
B = document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0]
}
}
var C = ZeroClipboard.getDOMObjectPosition(this.domElement, B);
this.div = document.createElement("div");
var A = this.div.style;
A.position = "absolute";
A.left = "" + C.left + "px";
A.top = "" + C.top + "px";
A.width = "" + C.width + "px";
A.height = "" + C.height + "px";
A.zIndex = F;
if (typeof(E) == "object") {
for (addedStyle in E) {
A[addedStyle] = E[addedStyle]
}
}
B.appendChild(this.div);
this.div.innerHTML = this.getHTML(C.width, C.height)
},
/*IE 的 Flash JavaScript 通信接口上有一个 bug 。
你必须插入一个 object 标签到一个已存在的 DOM 元素中。并且在写入 innerHTML 之前请确保该元素已经 appendChild 方法插入到 DOM 中*/
getHTML: function(D, A) {
var C = "";
var B = "id=" + this.id + "&width=" + D + "&height=" + A;
if (navigator.userAgent.match(/MSIE/)) {
var E = location.href.match(/^https/i) ? "https://" : "http://";
C += '<object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" codebase="' + E + 'download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,0,0" width="' + D + '" height="' + A + '" id="' + this.movieId + '" align="middle"><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /><param name="allowFullScreen" value="false" /><param name="movie" value="' + ZeroClipboard.moviePath + '" /><param name="loop" value="false" /><param name="menu" value="false" /><param name="quality" value="best" /><param name="bgcolor" value="#ffffff" /><param name="flashvars" value="' + B + '"/><param name="wmode" value="transparent"/></object>'
} else {
C += '<embed id="' + this.movieId + '" src="' + ZeroClipboard.moviePath + '" loop="false" menu="false" quality="best" bgcolor="#ffffff" width="' + D + '" height="' + A + '" name="' + this.movieId + '" align="middle" allowScriptAccess="always" allowFullScreen="false" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" flashvars="' + B + '" wmode="transparent" />'
}
return C
},
hide: function() {
if (this.div) {
this.div.style.left = "-2000px"
}
},
show: function() {
this.reposition()
},
destroy: function() {
if (this.domElement && this.div) {
this.hide();
this.div.innerHTML = "";
var A = document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0];
try {
A.removeChild(this.div)
} catch (B) {}
this.domElement = null;
this.div = null
}
},
/* 因为按钮上漂浮有一个 Flash 按钮，所以当页面大小发生变化时，Flash 按钮可能会错位，就点不着了
Zero Clipboard 提供了一个 reposition() 方法，可以重新计算 Flash 按钮的位置。我们可以将它绑定到 resize 事件上
bind(window, "resize", function(){ clip.reposition(); }); 
function bind(obj, type, fn) {
if (obj.attachEvent) {
obj['e' + type + fn] = fn;
obj[type + fn] = function() {
obj['e' + type + fn](window.event);
}
obj.attachEvent('on' + type, obj[type + fn]);
} else
obj.addEventListener(type, fn, false);
}*/
reposition: function(C) {
if (C) {
this.domElement = ZeroClipboard.$(C);
if (!this.domElement) {
this.hide()
}
}
if (this.domElement && this.div) {
var B = ZeroClipboard.getDOMObjectPosition(this.domElement);
var A = this.div.style;
A.left = "" + B.left + "px";
A.top = "" + B.top + "px"
}
},
setText: function(A) {
this.clipText = A;
if (this.ready) {
this.movie.setText(A)
}
},
addEventListener: function(A, B) {
A = A.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^on/, "");
if (!this.handlers[A]) {
this.handlers[A] = []
}
this.handlers[A].push(B)
},
setHandCursor: function(A) {
this.handCursorEnabled = A;
if (this.ready) {
this.movie.setHandCursor(A)
}
},
/*鼠标移到按钮上或点击时，由于有 Flash 按钮的遮挡，所以像 css ":hover", ":active" 等伪类可能会失效。
setCSSEffects() 方法就是解决这个问题。首先我们需要将伪类改成类
copy - botton: hover {
border - color: #FF6633;
}

copy - botton.hover {
border - color: #FF6633;
}

setCSSEffects: function(A) {
this.cssEffects = !! A
},
/*Zero Clipboard 提供了一些事件，你可以自定义函数处理这些事件。
Zero Clipboard 事件处理函数为 addEventListener(); 例如当 Flash 完全载入后会触发一个事件 "load" 
clip.addEventListener( "load", function(client) { 
alert("Flash 加载完毕！"); 
});*/
receiveEvent: function(D, E) {
D = D.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^on/, "");
switch (D) {
case "load":
this.movie = document.getElementById(this.movieId);
if (!this.movie) {
var C = this;
setTimeout(function() {
C.receiveEvent("load", null)
}, 1);
return
}
if (!this.ready && navigator.userAgent.match(/Firefox/) && navigator.userAgent.match(/Windows/)) {
var C = this;
setTimeout(function() {
C.receiveEvent("load", null)
}, 100);
this.ready = true;
return
}
this.ready = true;
this.movie.setText(this.clipText);
this.movie.setHandCursor(this.handCursorEnabled);
break;
case "mouseover":
if (this.domElement && this.cssEffects) {
this.domElement.addClass("hover");
if (this.recoverActive) {
this.domElement.addClass("active")
}
}
break;
case "mouseout":
if (this.domElement && this.cssEffects) {
this.recoverActive = false;
if (this.domElement.hasClass("active")) {
this.domElement.removeClass("active");
this.recoverActive = true
}
this.domElement.removeClass("hover")
}
break;
case "mousedown":
if (this.domElement && this.cssEffects) {
this.domElement.addClass("active")
}
break;
case "mouseup":
if (this.domElement && this.cssEffects) {
this.domElement.removeClass("active");
this.recoverActive = false
}
break
}
if (this.handlers[D]) {
for (var B = 0, A = this.handlers[D].length; B < A; B++) {
var F = this.handlers[D][B];
if (typeof(F) == "function") {
F(this, E)
} else {
if ((typeof(F) == "object") && (F.length == 2)) {
F[0][F[1]](this, E)
} else {
if (typeof(F) == "string") {
window[F](this, E)
}
}
}
}
}
}
};