JavaScript 键盘事件 Keycode 对照与常用操作指南

<html>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">

function noNumbers(e)
{
    var keynum;
    var keychar;

    keynum = window.event ? e.keyCode : e.which;
    keychar = String.fromCharCode(keynum);
    alert(keynum+':'+keychar);
}

</script>
<input type="text" onkeydown="return noNumbers(event)" />
</body>
</html>

<input id="chatMsg" name="chatMsg" type="text"
size="90" onkeypress="enterHandler(event);"/>
function enterHandler(event)
{
//获取用户单击键盘的“键值”
var keyCode = event.keyCode ? event.keyCode 
: event.which ? event.which : event.charCode;
//如果是回车键
if (keyCode == 13)
{
sendRequest();
}
}

function Key Down(){    
  if ((window.event.altKey)&& 
      ((window.event.keyCode==37)||   //屏蔽 Alt+ 方向键 ← 
       (window.event.keyCode==39))){  //屏蔽 Alt+ 方向键 → 
     alert("不准你使用ALT+方向键前进或后退网页！"); 
     event.returnValue=false; 
     } 
  if ((event.keyCode==8)||            //屏蔽退格删除键 
      (event.keyCode==116)){          //屏蔽 F5 刷新键 
     event.keyCode=0; 
     event.returnValue=false; 
     } 
  if ((event.ctrlKey)&&(event.keyCode==78)){   //屏蔽 Ctrl+n 
     event.returnValue=false; 
     } 
  if ((event.shiftKey)&&(event.keyCode==121)){ //屏蔽 shift+F10 
     event.returnValue=false; 
     } 
  if (event.keyCode==122){ //屏蔽 F11 
     event.returnValue=false; 
     } 
  }

<STYLE TYPE="text/css"> 
TD {text-align:center} 
</STYLE> 
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript"> 
function init() { 
    document.onkeydown = showKeyDown 
    document.onkeyup = showKeyUp 
    document.onkeypress = showKeyPress 
}

function showKeyDown(evt) { 
    evt = (evt) ? evt : window.event 
    document.getElementById("pressKeyCode").innerHTML = 0 
    document.getElementById("upKeyCode").innerHTML = 0 
    document.getElementById("pressCharCode").innerHTML = 0 
    document.getElementById("upCharCode").innerHTML = 0 
    restoreModifiers("") 
    restoreModifiers("Down") 
    restoreModifiers("Up") 
    document.getElementById("downKeyCode").innerHTML = evt.keyCode 
    if (evt.charCode) { 
        document.getElementById("downCharCode").innerHTML = evt.charCode 
    } 
    showModifiers("Down", evt) 
} 
function showKeyUp(evt) { 
    evt = (evt) ? evt : window.event 
    document.getElementById("upKeyCode").innerHTML = evt.keyCode 
    if (evt.charCode) { 
        document.getElementById("upCharCode").innerHTML = evt.charCode 
    } 
    showModifiers("Up", evt) 
    return false 
} 
function showKeyPress(evt) { 
    evt = (evt) ? evt : window.event 
    document.getElementById("pressKeyCode").innerHTML = evt.keyCode 
    if (evt.charCode) { 
        document.getElementById("pressCharCode").innerHTML = evt.charCode 
    } 
    showModifiers("", evt) 
    return false 
} 
function showModifiers(ext, evt) { 
    restoreModifiers(ext) 
    if (evt.shiftKey) { 
        document.getElementById("shift" + ext).style.backgroundColor = "#ff0000" 
    } 
    if (evt.ctrlKey) { 
        document.getElementById("ctrl" + ext).style.backgroundColor = "#00ff00" 
    } 
    if (evt.altKey) { 
        document.getElementById("alt" + ext).style.backgroundColor = "#0000ff" 
    } 
} 
function restoreModifiers(ext) { 
    document.getElementById("shift" + ext).style.backgroundColor = "#ffffff" 
    document.getElementById("ctrl" + ext).style.backgroundColor = "#ffffff" 
    document.getElementById("alt" + ext).style.backgroundColor = "#ffffff" 
} 
</SCRIPT> 
</HEAD>

<BODY onLoad="init()"> 
<H1>Keyboard Event Handler Lab</H1> 
<HR> 
<FORM> 
<TABLE BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=2> 
<TR><TH></TH><TH>onKeyDown</TH><TH>onKeyPress</TH><TH>onKeyUp</TH></TR> 
<TR><TH>Key Codes</TH> 
    <TD ID="downKeyCode">0</TD> 
    <TD ID="pressKeyCode">0</TD> 
    <TD ID="upKeyCode">0</TD> 
</TR> 
<TR><TH>Char Codes (IE5/Mac; NN6)</TH> 
    <TD ID="downCharCode">0</TD> 
    <TD ID="pressCharCode">0</TD> 
    <TD ID="upCharCode">0</TD> 
</TR> 
<TR><TH ROWSPAN=3>Modifier Keys</TH> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="shiftDown">Shift</SPAN></TD> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="shift">Shift</SPAN></TD> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="shiftUp">Shift</SPAN></TD> 
</TR> 
<TR> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="ctrlDown">Ctrl</SPAN></TD> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="ctrl">Ctrl</SPAN></TD> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="ctrlUp">Ctrl</SPAN></TD> 
</TR> 
<TR> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="altDown">Alt</SPAN></TD> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="alt">Alt</SPAN></TD> 
    <TD><SPAN ID="altUp">Alt</SPAN></TD> 
</TR> 
</TABLE> 
</FORM>

function keycodes() {
    document.oncontextmenu = function () { return false };
    document.onkeydown = function (e) {
        e = window.event || e;
        var k = e.keyCode;
        if ((e.ctrlKey == true && k == 85) || k == 123) {
            e.keyCode = 0;
            e.returnValue = false;
            e.cancelBubble = true;
            return false;
        }
    }
}