本文介绍AngularJS中通过angular-auto-validate模块实现自动表单验证的方法。涵盖安装配置、错误信息本地化处理以及使用angular-ladda库实现提交按钮的加载动画效果，帮助开发者快速构建具备自动验证功能的表单。
AngularJS自动表单验证概述
AngularJS提供了另一种表单验证机制，即自动验证。该机制基于指令（directive）实现，除了AngularJS内置的指令外，还需引入angular-auto-validate第三方模块。
angular-auto-validate模块配置
关于angular-auto-validate模块的使用说明如下：
- 安装命令为：npm i angular-auto-validate
- 在HTML中引用脚本：<script src="../node_modules/angular-auto-validate/dist/jcs-auto-validate.min.js"></script>
- 在AngularJS模块定义中添加依赖：var myApp = angular.module("app", ["jcs-autoValidate"]);
错误信息本地化处理
若需实现错误信息的本地化显示，还需引入angular-localize第三方模块：
- 安装命令为：npm install angular-localize --save
- 在模块定义中添加依赖：var myApp = angular.module("app", ["localize"]);
- 引用方式如下：
<script src="../node_modules/angular-sanitize/angular-sanitize.min.js"></script>
<script src="../node_modules/angular-localize/angular-localize.min.js"></script>
提交按钮加载动画实现
此外，当用户点击提交表单按钮时，通常需要禁用该按钮并显示加载状态。为此，需使用angular-ladda第三方模块：
- 安装命令为：bower install angular-ladda --save
- 在模块定义中添加依赖：var myApp = angular.module("app", ["angular-ladda"]);
- 引用方式如下：
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda-themeless.min.css"/>
<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/spin.min.js"></script>
<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda.min.js"></script>
<script src="../bower_components/angular-ladda/dist/angular-ladda.min.js"></script>
页面结构与字段验证示例
页面结构示例如下：
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="gb2312">
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../node_modules/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda-themeless.min.css"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/main.css"/>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
<div class="container">
<div class="navbar-header">
<a href="/" class="navbar-brand">Form Validating Auto</a>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container main-content" ng-controller="myCtrl1">
<!--novalidate让表单不要使用html验证-->
<!--theForm变成scope的一个字段-->
<form ng-submit="onSubmit()" novalidate="novalidate">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="name" class="control-label">Name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" ng-model="formModel.name" required="required"/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="email" class="control-label">Email</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="email" ng-model="formModel.email" required="required"/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="username" class="control-label">Username</label>
<input type="text"
class="form-control"
id="username"
ng-model="formModel.username"
required="required"
ng-pattern="/^[A-Za-z0-9_]{1,32}$/"
ng-minlength="7"
ng-pattern-err-type="badUsername"
/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="age" class="control-label">Age</label>
<input type="number"
class="form-control"
id="age"
ng-model="formModel.age"
required="required"
min="18"
max="65"
ng-min-err-type="tooYoung"
ng-max-err-type="tooOld"
/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="sex" class="control-label">Sex</label>
<select name="sex" id="sex" class="form-control" ng-model="formModel.sex" required="required">
<option value="">Please choose</option>
<option value="male">Mail</option>
<option value="femail">Femail</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="password" class="control-label">Password</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="password" ng-model="formModel.password" required="required" ng-minlength="6"/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<!--<button class="btn btn-primary" ng-click="onSubmit()">Register</button>-->
<button class="btn btn-primary"
ladda = "submitting"
data-style="expand-right"
type="submit">
<span ng-show="submitting">正在注册...</span>
<span ng-show="!submitting">注册</span>
</button>
</div>
<pre>
{{formModel | json}}
</pre>
</form>
</div>
<script src="../node_modules/angular/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="form_validation_auto.js"></script>
<script src="../node_modules/angular-auto-validate/dist/jcs-auto-validate.min.js"></script>
<script src="../node_modules/angular-sanitize/angular-sanitize.min.js"></script>
<script src="../node_modules/angular-localize/angular-localize.min.js"></script>
<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/spin.min.js"></script>
<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda.min.js"></script>
<script src="../bower_components/angular-ladda/dist/angular-ladda.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
首先查看提交按钮的实现：
<div class="form-group">
<!--<button class="btn btn-primary" ng-click="onSubmit()">Register</button>-->
<button class="btn btn-primary"
ladda = "submitting"
data-style="expand-right"
type="submit">
<span ng-show="submitting">正在注册...</span>
<span ng-show="!submitting">注册</span>
</button>
</div>
- ladda属性接收布尔值，true时显示动态加载效果，false时不显示。此处submitting为scope中的一个属性。
- data-style="expand-right"表示在按钮右侧显示动态加载效果。
以表单中的Age字段为例：
<div class="form-group">
<label for="age" class="control-label">Age</label>
<input type="number"
class="form-control"
id="age"
ng-model="formModel.age"
required="required"
min="18"
max="65"
ng-min-err-type="tooYoung"
ng-max-err-type="tooOld"
/>
</div>
其中，min和max为AngularJS内置指令，而ng-min-err-type是angular-auto-validate提供的指令。遵循的命名惯例为ng-AngularJS表单验证指令名称-err-type。那么tooYoung和tooOld的作用是什么，又在哪里定义呢？
这些自定义错误类型在模块层面进行定义，具体位于form_validation_auto.js文件中。
var myApp1 = angular.module('myApp1',['jcs-autoValidate','localize','angular-ladda']);
myApp1.run(function(defaultErrorMessageResolver){
defaultErrorMessageResolver.getErrorMessages().then(function(errorMessages){
errorMessages['tooYoung'] = '年龄必须小于{0}';
errorMessages['tooOld'] = '年龄不能大于{0}';
errorMessages['badUsername'] = '用户名只能包含数字、字母或下划线';
});
});
myApp1.controller('myCtrl1', function($scope, $http){
$scope.formModel = {};
$scope.submitting = false;
$scope.onSubmit = function(){
$scope.submitting = true;
console.log('已提交');
console.log($scope.formModel);
$http.post('url',$scope.formModel)
.success(function(data){
console.log(':)');
$scope.submitting = false;
})
.error(function(data){
console.log(':(');
$scope.submitting = false;
});
};
});
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对AngularJS手动表单验证能够熟练操作。