JS Tab 切换四种实用方案：循环、索引、类名与自执行函数

JavaScript Tab 切换概述

这里整理了几种简单且实用的 JavaScript Tab 切换实现方式，供感兴趣的朋友参考或直接使用。不再多言，直接通过代码进行演示。

JavaScript Tab 切换概述

方案一：for 循环与 if 判断

方案一：使用 for 循环配合 if 判断，检查当前点击元素是否与预设数组中的项匹配。


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>tab切换</title>
 <style type="text/css">
  button {
   width:120px;
   height: 32px;
   line-height: 32px;
   background-color: #ccc;
   font-size: 24px;
  }
  div {
   display: none;
   width:200px;
   height: 200px;
   font-size: 72px;
   color:#ddd;
   background-color: green;
   border:1px solid black;
  }
 </style>
</head>
<body>
 <button style="background-color: yellow;">1</button>
 <button>2</button>
 <button>3</button>
 <button>4</button>
 <div style="display:block;">1</div>
 <div>2</div>
 <div>3</div>
 <div>4</div>
 <script type="text/javascript">
 //定义数组并获取数组内各个的节点
 var buttonArr = document.getElementsByTagName("button");
 var divArr = document.getElementsByTagName("div");
 for(var i = 0; i < buttonArr.length;i++) {
  buttonArr[i].onclick = function() {
   //this 
   // alert(this.innerHTML)
   //for循环遍历button数组长度
   for(var j = 0; j < buttonArr.length; j++) {
    //重置所有的button样式
    buttonArr[j].style.backgroundColor = "#ccc";
    //给当前的(点击的那个)那个button添加样式
    this.style.backgroundColor = "yellow";
    //隐藏所有的div
    divArr[j].style.display = "none";
    //判断当前点击是按钮数组中的哪一个？
    if(this == buttonArr[j]) {
     // alert(j);
      //显示点击按钮对应的div
     divArr[j].style.display = "block";
    }
   }
  }
 }
 </script>
</body>
</html>

方案二：自定义 index 属性

方案二：为当前点击元素自定义 index 属性，通过该属性确定当前点击的目标。


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>tab切换</title>
 <style type="text/css">
  button {
   width:120px;
   height: 32px;
   line-height: 32px;
   background-color: #ccc;
   font-size: 24px;
  }
  div {
   display: none;
   width:200px;
   height: 200px;
   font-size: 72px;
   color:#ddd;
   background-color: green;
   border:1px solid black;
  }
 </style>
</head>
<body>
 <button style="background-color: yellow;">1</button>
 <button>2</button>
 <button>3</button>
 <button>4</button>
 <div style="display:block;">1</div>
 <div>2</div>
 <div>3</div>
 <div>4</div>
 <script type="text/javascript">
 var buttonArr = document.getElementsByTagName("button");
 var divArr = document.getElementsByTagName("div");
 for(var i = 0; i < buttonArr.length;i++) {
  buttonArr[i].index = i;
  // buttonArr[i].setAttribute("index",i);
  buttonArr[i].onclick = function() {
   for(var j = 0; j < buttonArr.length; j++) {
    buttonArr[j].style.backgroundColor = "#ccc";
    buttonArr[this.index].style.backgroundColor = "yellow";
    divArr[j].style.display = "none";
    divArr[this.index].style.display = "block";
   }
  }
 }
 </script>
</body>
</html>

方案三：className 直接操作

方案三：直接操作 className 属性来控制样式切换。


<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>tab</title>
 <style type="text/css">
  * {padding:0; margin:0;}
  button {
   background-color: #ccc;
   width:80px;
   height: 30px;
  }
  .btn-active {
   background-color: yellow;
   font-weight:bold;
   font-size: 14px;
  }
  div{
   width:200px;
   height: 200px;
   font-size: 64px;
   background-color: #0c0;
   display: none;
   color:#fff;
  }
  .div-active {
   display: block;
  }
 </style>
</head>
<body>
 <button class="btn-active">按钮1</button>
 <button>按钮2</button>
 <button>按钮3</button>
 <button>按钮4</button>
 <div class="div-active">1</div>
 <div>2</div>
 <div>3</div>
 <div>4</div>
 <script type="text/javascript">
 //1.先获取元素
 var buttonList = document.getElementsByTagName("button");
 var divList = document.getElementsByTagName("div");
 //2.添加事件
 for(var i = 0; i < buttonList.length; i++) {
  buttonList[i].index = i;
  buttonList[i].onclick = function() {
   for(var j = 0; j < buttonList.length;j++) {
    buttonList[j].className = "";
    divList[j].className = "";
   }
   this.className = "btn-active";
   divList[this.index].className = "div-active";
  }
 }
 </script>
</body>
</html>

方案四：className 与匿名函数自执行

方案四：结合 className 操作与匿名函数自执行（IIFE）机制，利用闭包保存状态。


<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>tab</title>
 <style type="text/css">
  * {padding:0; margin:0;}
  button {
   background-color: #ccc;
   width:80px;
   height: 30px;
  }
  .btn-active {
   background-color: yellow;
   font-weight:bold;
   font-size: 14px;
  }
  div{
   width:200px;
   height: 200px;
   font-size: 64px;
   background-color: #0c0;
   display: none;
   color:#fff;
  }
  .div-active {
   display: block;
  }
 </style>
</head>
<body>
 <button class="btn-active">按钮1</button>
 <button>按钮2</button>
 <button>按钮3</button>
 <button>按钮4</button>
 <div class="div-active">1</div>
 <div>2</div>
 <div>3</div>
 <div>4</div>
 <script type="text/javascript">
 //1.先获取元素
 var buttonList = document.getElementsByTagName("button");
 var divList = document.getElementsByTagName("div");
 //2.添加事件
 for(var i = 0; i < buttonList.length; i++) {
  (function(i){ //匿名函数自执行
    buttonList[i].onclick = function() {
    for(var j = 0; j < buttonList.length;j++) {
     buttonList[j].className = "";
     divList[j].className = "";
    }
    this.className = "btn-active";
    divList[i].className = "div-active";
   }
  })(i)
 }
 </script>
</body>
</html>

以上分享了四种简单实用的 JavaScript Tab 切换技巧，希望这些内容能对大家有所帮助。

JavaScript Tab 切换的四种实现方式详解

JavaScript Tab 切换概述

方案一：for 循环与 if 判断

方案二：自定义 index 属性

方案三：className 直接操作

方案四：className 与匿名函数自执行

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