本文介绍如何使用原生JavaScript实现HTML表格的高级交互功能，包括点击表头进行多类型排序、双击单元格进行自定义规则编辑、拖拽表头列进行顺序替换以及拖动边框调整列宽。代码包含完整的DOM操作、事件监听及兼容IE6的处理逻辑，适合需要轻量级表格交互解决方案的开发者参考。
表格交互功能概述
实现简单的表格排序功能。
支持双击单元格进行编辑，并允许自定义编辑后的验证规则。
支持通过拖拽表头列实现列位置的交换与替换。
支持拖动列边框实现列宽度的动态缩放调整。
完整实现代码
具体实现代码如下：
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>Table</title>
</head>
<style type="text/css">
body{ font-size:12px}
#tab{ border-collapse: collapse;}
.edit{ height:16px; width:98%; background-color:#EFF7FF; font-size:12px; border:0px;}
#tab thead td{ background:url(http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/wtcsy/192373/r_t.bmp);color:#183C94;word-break:break-all}
#tab tbody td{overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;}
#tab td{border: 1px solid #CECFCE;height:20px;line-height:20px;vertical-align:middle; }
#tab td.tc{text-align:center;}
.div{width:10px;height:6px; border:1px solid #999999; background-color:#FFFFFF; position:absolute; display:none;}
.line{ width:2px; background-color:#999999; position:absolute; display:none}
.dr{height:100%;width:2px;background:#CECFCE;float:right;margin-right:-1px;cursor:sw-resize}
.r{float:right;}
.l{float:left;}
#tab thead td.thover{ background-image:url(http://album.hi.csdn.net/app_uploads/wtcsy/20081126/000054336.p.gif);background-repeat:repeat-x;}
</style>
<body >
<table id="tab" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="0">
<thead>
<tr>
<td width="80"class="tc" ><span class="l">ID</span><div class="r dr"></div></td>
<td width="80"class="tc"><span class="l">选中</span><div class="r dr"></div></td>
<td width="130" class="tc"><span class="l">姓名</span><div class="r dr"></div></td>
<td width="130" class="tc" ><span class="l">生日</span><div class="r dr"></div></td>
<td width="220" class="tc" ><span class="l">备注</span><div class="r dr"></div></td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td height="16">1</td>
<td><input type ="checkbox"><input name="ss" type="radio" /></td>
<td>小三</td>
<td>1982-05-27</td>
<td>杯具,全是杯具</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td><input type ="checkbox"><input name="ss" type="radio" /></td>
<td>李四</td>
<td>1983-06-27</td>
<td>恩恩我魔兽技术不错</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td><input type ="checkbox"><input name="ss" type="radio" /></td>
<td>王五</td>
<td>1987-05-27</td>
<td>波斯王子 时之刃还不错</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td><input type ="checkbox"><input name="ss" type="radio" /></td>
<td>赵六</td>
<td>1988-05-27</td>
<td>我叫赵六</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td><input type ="checkbox"><input name="ss" type="radio" /></td>
<td>朱八</td>
<td>1984-05-27</td>
<td>洗洗睡吧</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td><input type ="checkbox"><input name="ss" type="radio" /></td>
<td>阿斯多夫</td>
<td>1984-06-27</td>
<td>阿斯多夫暗室逢灯</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>7</td>
<td><input type ="checkbox"><input name="ss" type="radio" /></td>
<td>杯具</td>
<td>1984-06-27</td>
<td>很多的杯具</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>8</td>
<td><input type ="checkbox"><input name="ss" type="radio" /></td>
<td>餐具</td>
<td>1984-02-27</td>
<td>很多的餐具</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>8</td>
<td><input type ="checkbox"><input name="ss" type="radio" /></td>
<td>洗具</td>
<td>1984-08-27</td>
<td>很多的洗具</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>9</td>
<td><input type ="checkbox"><input name="ss" type="radio" /></td>
<td>内牛满面</td>
<td>1984-12-27</td>
<td>10快一晚</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<td><input type ="checkbox"><input name="ss" type="radio" /></td>
<td>犀利哥</td>
<td>1984-12-21</td>
<td>嘿嘿</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<script language="javascript">
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window.Sys = function (ua){
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})(window);
var Table = new Class({
options :{
minWidth : 62
},
initialize : function(tab,set){
this.table = tab;
this.rows = []; //里面记录所有tr的引用
this.sortCol = null; //记录哪列正在排序中
this.inputtd = null; //记录哪个td正在被编辑了
this.editconfig = {}; //编辑表格的规则和提示
this.thead = tab.getElementsByTagName('thead')[0];
this.theadTds = tab.getElementsByTagName('thead')[0].getElementsByTagName('td'); //常常用到的dom集合可以用个属性来引用
this.tbodyTds = tab.getElementsByTagName('tbody')[0].getElementsByTagName('td');
this.closConfig = {
on : false,
td : null,
totd : null
};
this.widthConfig = {
td : null,
nexttd : null,
x : 0,
tdwidth : 0,
nexttdwidth : 0
};
Extend(this,this.options);
//不知道原因 反正不设置就会乱跳
(Sys.ie6||Sys.chrome)&&(tab.width=tab.offsetWidth)
//记录那些checkbox,radio被选中了 ie6在做dom操作的时候不会记住这些状态
if(Sys.ie6){
this.checkbox = {};
var checkboxs = tab.getElementsByTagName('input'),i=0,l=checkboxs.length;
for(;i<l;i++)
(checkboxs[i].type=="checkbox"||checkboxs[i].type=="radio")&&
addListener(checkboxs[i],"click",Bind(this,function(elm,i){
elm.checked==true?(this.checkbox[i] = elm):(delete this.checkbox[i]);
},checkboxs[i],i));
};
var i=0,l=set.length,rows =tab.tBodies[0].rows,d=document,tabTads=tab.getElementsByTagName('td'),length=this.theadTds.length;
//编辑用的input
this.input = d.createElement('input');
this.input.type = "text";
this.input.className = 'edit';
//用于显示正在拖拽的div
this.div = d.body.appendChild(d.createElement('div'));
this.div.className ="div";
//进行缩放的时候显示的竖线
this.line = d.body.appendChild(d.createElement('div'));
this.line.className = 'line';
this.line.style.top = objPos(tab).y +"px";
//遍历set 做一些设置
for(;i<l;i++){
//给需要排序的猎头绑定事件
addListener(this.theadTds[set[i].id],'click',Bind(this,this.sortTable,this.theadTds[set[i].id],set[i].type));
//给需要编辑的表给列定义所需配置
set[i].edit&&(this.editconfig[set[i].id]={rule:set[i].edit.rule,message:set[i].edit.message});
}
//把 所有的tr放到一个数组 用于排序
for( i=0,l=rows.length;i<l;i++)
this.rows[i]=rows[i];
//遍历所有的td 做一些设置
for( i=0,l=tabTads.length;i<l;i++){
//将头部的td全部做上标记 拖拽的时候要用到
i<length&&tabTads[i].setAttribute('clos',i);
//将需要编辑的td添加edit属性
i>=length&&this.editconfig[i%length]&&tabTads[i].setAttribute('edit',i%length);
}
//绑定 拖拽 和缩放的操作
addListener(this.thead,'mousedown',BindAsEventListener(this,this.dragOrWidth));
//拖拽的时候 记录移动到了那列td上
addListener(this.thead,'mouseover',BindAsEventListener(this,this.theadHover));
//唉
addListener(this.thead,'mouseout',BindAsEventListener(this,this.theadOut));
//绑定编辑事件 根据e.srcElement or e.target去判断是哪个表格被编辑
addListener(tab,'dblclick',BindAsEventListener(this,this.edit));
//当离开input时候保存下修改的内容
addListener(this.input,'blur',Bind(this,this.save,this.input));
},
sortTable :function(td,type){ //td为点击的那个元素 n 为哪一列进行排序 type为进行什么类型的排序
var frag=document.createDocumentFragment(),span=td.getElementsByTagName('span')[0],str= span.innerHTML;
if(td===this.sortCol){
this.rows.reverse();
span.innerHTML =str.replace(/.$/,str.charAt(str.length-1)=="↓"?"↑":"↓") ;
}else{
this.rows.sort(this.compare(td.getAttribute('clos'),type));
span.innerHTML = span.innerHTML + "↑";
this.sortCol!=null&&(this.sortCol.getElementsByTagName('span')[0].innerHTML = this.sortCol.getElementsByTagName('span')[0].innerHTML.replace(/.$/,''));//把之前那列排序的标识去掉
};
for(var i=0,l=this.rows.length;i<l;i++)
frag.appendChild(this.rows[i]);
this.table.tBodies[0].appendChild(frag);
if(Sys.ie6){
for(var s in this.checkbox)
this.checkbox[s].checked = true;
}
this.sortCol = td; //记录哪一列正在排序中
},
compare :function(n,type){
return function (a1,a2){
var convert ={
int : function(v){return parseInt(v)},
float : function(v){return parseFloat(v)},
date : function(v){return v.toString()},
string : function(v){return v.toString()}
};
!convert[type]&&(convert[type]=function(v){return v.toString()});
a1 =convert[type](a1.cells[n].innerHTML);
a2 =convert[type](a2.cells[n].innerHTML);
return a1==a2?0:a1<a2?-1:1;
};
},
edit: function(e){
var elem = this.inputtd=e.srcElement || e.target;
if(!elem.getAttribute('edit'))return;
this.input.value = elem.innerHTML;
elem.innerHTML = "";
elem.appendChild(this.input);
this.input.focus();
},
save : function(elem){
var editinfo=this.editconfig[elem.parentNode.getAttribute('edit')],status={
"[object Function]" : 'length' in editinfo.rule&&editinfo.rule(this.input.value)||false,
"[object RegExp]" : 'test' in editinfo.rule&&editinfo.rule.test(this.input.value)||false
}[Object.prototype.toString.call(editinfo.rule)],_self=this;
//如果不符合条件 修改提示信息
typeof status != "boolean"&&(editinfo.message = status);
if(status===true){
this.inputtd.innerHTML = this.input.value;
this.inputtd=null;
}else{
alert(editinfo.message);
//firefox下 直接用input.focus()不会执行 用setTimeout可以执行
setTimeout(function(){_self.input.focus()},0);
}
},
theadHover : function(e){
var elem = e.srcElement || e.target;
if(elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() ==='td'&&this.closConfig.on){
this.closConfig.totd = elem.getAttribute('clos');
!hasClass(elem,'thover')&&addClass(elem,'thover');
}
},
theadOut : function(e){
var elem = e.srcElement || e.target;
if(elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() ==='td'&&this.closConfig.on)removeClass(elem,'thover')
},
dragOrWidth : function(e){
var elem = e.srcElement || e.target,widthConfig=this.widthConfig;
//执行拖拽
if(elem.nodeName.toLowerCase()==='td'){
this.closConfig.td = elem.getAttribute('clos');
addListener(document,'mousemove',BindAsEventListener(this,this.dragMove));
addListener(document,'mouseup',Bind(this,this.dragUp));
this.closConfig.on = true;
Sys.ie?this.thead.setCapture(false):e.preventDefault();
}
//执行宽度缩放
if(elem.nodeName.toLowerCase()==='div'){
Sys.ie?(e.cancelBubble=true):e.stopPropagation();
//如果是最后一个td里面的div 不进行缩放
if(this.theadTds[this.theadTds.length-1]===elem.parentNode)return
Sys.ie?this.thead.setCapture(false):e.preventDefault();
widthConfig.x = e.clientX;
widthConfig.td = elem.parentNode;
widthConfig.nexttd = widthConfig.td.nextSibling;
while(widthConfig.nexttd.nodeName.toLowerCase()!="td"){
widthConfig.nexttd = widthConfig.nexttd.nextSibling;
};
widthConfig.tdwidth = widthConfig.td.offsetWidth;
widthConfig.nexttdwidth = widthConfig.nexttd.offsetWidth;
this.line.style.height = this.table.offsetHeight +"px";
addListener(document,'mousemove',BindAsEventListener(this,this.widthMove));
addListener(document,'mouseup',Bind(this,this.widthUp));
}
},
dragMove : function(e){
window.getSelection ? window.getSelection().removeAllRanges() : document.selection.empty();
setStyle(this.div,{display:"block",left:e.clientX+9+"px",top:e.clientY+20+"px"});
},
dragUp :function(){
var closConfig = this.closConfig,rows = this.table.getElementsByTagName('tr'),td,n,o,i=0,l=rows.length;
this.div.style.display = "none";
removeListener(document,'mousemove');
removeListener(document,'mouseup');
Sys.ie&&this.thead.releaseCapture();
closConfig.on = false;
if(closConfig.totd===null)return;
removeClass(this.theadTds[closConfig.totd],'thover');
//在同一列 不进行列替换
if(closConfig.td === closConfig.totd)return;
//进行列替换 如果
if(closConfig.td*1+1===closConfig.totd*1){
n = closConfig.totd;
o = closConfig.td;
}else{
n = closConfig.td;
o = closConfig.totd;
}
for(;i<l;i++){
td = rows[i].getElementsByTagName('td');
rows[i].insertBefore(td[n],td[o]);
}
//重新标识表头
for(i=0,l=this.theadTds.length;i<l;i++)
this.theadTds[i].setAttribute('clos',i);
closConfig.totd=closConfig.td=null;
},
widthMove : function(e){
window.getSelection ? window.getSelection().removeAllRanges() : document.selection.empty();
var widthConfig = this.widthConfig,x = e.clientX - widthConfig.x,left = e.clientX,clientX=left;
if(clientX<widthConfig.x&&widthConfig.x - clientX>widthConfig.tdwidth-this.minWidth){
left = widthConfig.x - widthConfig.tdwidth+this.minWidth;
}
if(clientX>widthConfig.x&&clientX - widthConfig.x>widthConfig.nexttdwidth-this.minWidth){
left =widthConfig.x + widthConfig.nexttdwidth-this.minWidth;
}
setStyle(this.line,{display:"block",left:left+"px"});
},
widthUp : function(){
this.line.style.display = "none";
var widthConfig = this.widthConfig,x= parseInt(this.line.style.left) - widthConfig.x;
widthConfig.nexttd.style.width = widthConfig.nexttdwidth -x -1 +'px';
widthConfig.td.style.width = widthConfig.tdwidth + x -1 +'px';
Sys.ie&&this.thead.releaseCapture();
removeListener(document,'mousemove');
removeListener(document,'mouseup');
}
});
window.onload = function(){
function checkName(val){
if(val.replace(/^\s+$/g,'')==='') return '姓名输入不能为空';
if(val.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/,'').length>10) return '姓名长度不能大于10个字符';
if(!/^[\u4e00-\u9fa5a-z]+$/i.test(val)) return '姓名只能输入中文或者是字母';
return true;
};
function checkRemark(val){
if(val.replace(/^\s+$/g,'')==='') return '备注输入不能为空';
if(val.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/,'').length>15) return '备注长度不能大于15个字符';
if(!/^[\u4e00-\u9fa5\w\s]+$/i.test(val)) return '备注只能输入中文数字下划线空格';
return true;
}
var set = [
{id:0,type:"int"},
{id:2,type:"string",edit:{rule:checkName,message:''}},
{id:3,type:"date",edit:{rule:/^\d{4}\-\d{2}\-\d{2}$/,message:"按这中格式输入日期 1985-02-30"}},
{id:4,type:"string",edit:{rule:checkRemark,message:''}}
];
new Table($("tab"),set);
}
</script>已知兼容性问题
已知BUG：
ie6下 中文不自动换行
非ie下字母和数字也不自动换行确实让人恼火
chrome浏览器下点击运行好像问题很大 拿到本地测试会比较好