前端基础：HTML/CSS/JS实现多重选项卡联动轮播图

轮播图概述与实现目标

通过轮播动画可以有效提升页面的视觉表现力和交互体验。接下来，我们将结合HTML、CSS和JavaScript等前端开发的基础知识，共同完成一个简易轮播图的制作。

轮播图通常指网站特定模块中，用户通过电脑端鼠标点击或悬停、手机端手指滑动等操作，切换展示不同图片的区域，该模块即被称为轮播模块。

如有不足之处，欢迎指正；觉得内容有帮助的同学请点赞支持。

HTML结构布局

HTML布局部分

<div id="box">
    <div class="scenery pic">
      <img class="show" src="imgs/s2.jpg" alt="scenery">
      <img src="imgs/s3.jpg" alt="scenery">
      <img src="imgs/s1.jpg" alt="scenery">
      <img src="imgs/s5.jpg" alt="scenery">
      <img src="imgs/s4.jpg" alt="scenery">
    </div>
    <div class="car pic">
      <img src="imgs/animal4.jpg" alt="animal">
      <img src="imgs/animal3.jpg" alt="animal">
      <img src="imgs/animal2.jpg" alt="animal">
      <img src="imgs/animal1.jpg" alt="animal">
    </div>
    <div class="entertainment pic">
      <img src="imgs/entertainment1.jpg" alt="entertainment">
      <img src="imgs/entertainment2.jpg" alt="entertainment">
      <img src="imgs/entertainment3.jpg" alt="entertainment">
      <img src="imgs/entertainment4.jpg" alt="entertainment">
      <img src="imgs/entertainment5.jpg" alt="entertainment">
    </div>
    <div class="leftbar">
      <div class="checked">风景</div>
      <div>名车</div>
      <div>娱乐</div>
    </div>
    <div class="bottombar">
 
    </div>
</div>

CSS样式控制

CSS样式部分

/* 为了布局方便,容器里大多采用的flex */
#box {
      position: relative;
      width: 460px;
      height: 300px;
      margin: 40px auto;
      border: 1px solid rgb(109, 98, 98);
      user-select: none;
    }
    /* 侧边栏布局 */
    .leftbar {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      justify-content: space-between;
      position: absolute;
      top: -1px;
      left: -80px;
      width: 80px;
      height: 100%;
      text-align: center;
      font-size: 20px;
      cursor: pointer;
    }
 
    .leftbar div {
      flex: 1;
      line-height: 100px;
      background-color: cadetblue;
      letter-spacing: 5px;
    }
 
    .leftbar div:nth-child(2) {
      border-top: 1px solid #fff;
      border-bottom: 1px solid #fff;
    }
 
    /* 底部切换按钮样式设计 */
    .bottombar {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: space-between;
      position: absolute;
      bottom: -1px;
      right: -1px;
      z-index: 10;
      width: 200px;
      height: 30px;
      cursor: pointer;
    }
 
    .bottombar div {
      flex: 1;
      line-height: 30px;
      background-color: rgb(232, 233, 235, .5);
      text-align: center;
      font-weight: 700;
    }
 
    .bottombar div~div {
      border-left: 1px solid grey;
    }
 
    img {
      position: absolute;
      display: block;
      width: 460px;
      height: 300px;
    }
 
    .show {
      z-index: 5;
    }
 
    .leftbar .checked,
    .bottombar .checked {
      background-color: rgb(241, 5, 5);
    }

JavaScript逻辑实现

JavaScript逻辑实现部分

var Box = document.querySelector('#box'), pic = Box.querySelectorAll('.pic'),
    Idx = 0, index = 0, timer = null,
    ltDiv = Box.querySelector('.leftbar'), btDiv = Box.querySelector('.bottombar'),
    Img = Box.querySelectorAll('img');
 
    function createBtBar(len) {//动态创建底部切换按钮
      var str = '';
      for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
        str += `<div>${i + 1}</div>`;
      }
      btDiv.innerHTML = str;
      btDiv.children[0].classList.add('checked');
    }
 
    function initialize() {//页面初始状态
      createBtBar(pic[0].children.length);
    }
    initialize();
 
    function clearZindex() {//重置所有图片的定位层级
      for (var k = 0; k < Img.length; k++) {
        Img[k].classList.remove('show');
      }
    }
 
    ltDiv.addEventListener('click', (e) => {//侧边栏项目切换
      if (e.target.tagName.toLowerCase() === 'div') {
        for (var j = 0; j < ltDiv.children.length; j++) {
          ltDiv.children[j].classList.remove('checked');
        }
 
        clearZindex();
        Idx = 0;
        index = getEleIdx(e.target);
        ltDiv.children[index].classList.add('checked');
        pic[index].children[0].classList.add('show');
        createBtBar(pic[index].children.length);
      }
    });
 
    btDiv.addEventListener('click', (e) => {//委托监听底部切换按钮
      if (e.target.tagName.toLowerCase() === 'div') {
        function changePic(callback) {
          btDiv.children[Idx].classList.remove('checked');
 
          clearZindex();
          callback && callback();
          btDiv.children[Idx].classList.add('checked');
          pic[index].children[Idx].classList.add('show');
        }
        changePic(function () {
          Idx = getEleIdx(e.target);
        });
      }
    });
 
    function getEleIdx(item) {//获取DOM元素下标
      var elements = item.parentNode.children;
      for (var i = 0, len = elements.length; i < len; i++) {
        if (item === elements[i]) {
          return i;
        }
      }
    }
 
    function loopShow() {//循环自动展示
      clearInterval(timer);
      timer = setInterval(function () {
        pic[index].children[Idx].classList.remove('show');
        btDiv.children[Idx].classList.remove('checked');
        Idx += 1;
        if (Idx < 0 || Idx > pic[index].children.length - 1) {
          Idx = 0;
        }
        pic[index].children[Idx].classList.add('show');
        btDiv.children[Idx].classList.add('checked');
      }, 1000);
    }
 
    loopShow();
 
    Box.addEventListener('mouseover', function () {
      clearInterval(timer);//鼠标移入展示区停止轮播
    });
    Box.addEventListener('mouseout', function () {
      loopShow();//鼠标移出展示区自动轮播
    });

效果展示与注意事项

具体实现的展示效果如下

提示：请自行准备图片并放入对应的文件夹中

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